In Australia galvanised steel or aluminium are the most common materials that gutters are made from. Aluminium gutters can have very few seams as they are so lightweight, whereas galvanised steel can be more durable.
Roofing hammers and hatchets were the main tools used by roofers when installing or repairing new roof materials. These days however most roofers prefer to use nail guns. Even though there are more safety issues with nail guns, they are much faster to use.
To replace fascia boards that are behind your gutters, the guttering will need to be fully removed first. The guttering brackets will also each need to be unscrewed and removed carefully, to ensure they are not damaged and can be reused.